1. | They thrive in environments with high concentrations of nitrogen and sulphur compounds. |
2. | They are sensitive to airborne pollutants, which disrupt their symbiotic relationship. |
3. | They absorb heavy metals from the environment promoting their growth. |
4. | They can metabolize and break down organic pollutants in the air. |
Column I | Column II | ||
1 | Spirogyra | A | Monera |
2 | Aspergillus | B | Protista |
3 | Paramecium | C | Fungi |
4 | E. coli | D | Plantae |
Assertion (A): | Archaea are often found in extreme environments like hot springs and salt pans due to their unique cell wall structure. |
Reason (R): | The cell walls of Archaea contain peptidoglycan, which provides resistance to extreme conditions. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
Column I | Column II | ||
A | Archaebacteria | P | Some can fix atmospheric nitrogen in heterocysts |
B | Cyanobacteria | Q | Include important decomposers and are most abundant bacteria |
C | Mycoplasma | R | Include extremophiles and methanogens |
D | Heterotrophic bacteria | S | Lack a cell wall and can live without oxygen |
A | B | C | D | |
1. | P | R | Q | S |
2. | R | P | Q | S |
3. | R | P | S | Q |
4. | P | R | S | Q |
Statement I: | Ascospores are sexual spores and are produced endogenously. |
Statement II: | Basidiospores are asexual spores and are produced exogenously. |
1. | They are predominantly aquatic fungi with flagellated zoospores. |
2. | They reproduce sexually through the formation of basidiospores. |
3. | They possess a dikaryotic stage in their life cycle. |
4. | Their spores are typically produced internally in a sac-like structure called an ascus. |
Assertion (A): | Lichens are considered excellent indicators of air pollution. |
Reason (R): | They thrive in polluted areas as they use the pollutants as nutrients. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (R) |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
1. | Archaea have a similar cell wall structure to bacteria. |
2. | Archaea are known for their ability to survive in extreme conditions. |
3. | Archaea contain peptidoglycan in their cell wall composition. |
4. | Archaea have membrane bound organelles. |