1. | It is made of cellulose and is highly permeable. |
2. | It is made of sporopollenin, which is extremely resistant to harsh environmental conditions and enzymes. |
3. | It is soft and easily degradable to facilitate germination. |
4. | It contains chlorophyll to aid in photosynthesis. |
1. | Pollen grains are viable for several weeks after release. |
2. | Pollen grains lose their viability within 30 minutes of release. |
3. | The viability of pollen grains varies among species, ranging from a few minutes to several months. |
4. | All pollen grains remain viable indefinitely when stored at room temperature. |
1. | Perisperm is derived from the fertilization of the central cell, while endosperm is not. |
2. | Perisperm is a diploid tissue, while endosperm is tetraploid. |
3. | Endosperm is derived from the fertilization of the central cell, while perisperm is not. |
4. | Endosperm is a diploid tissue, while perisperm is triploid. |
Assertion (A): | Wind-pollinated plants often have long and feathery stigmas. |
Reason (R): | The large surface area of feathery stigmas increases the chance of catching pollen grains from the air. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
1. | Epidermis, endothecium, middle layers, tapetum |
2. | Tapetum, middle layers, endothecium, epidermis |
3. | Endothecium, epidermis, tapetum, middle layers |
4. | Middle layers, tapetum, endothecium, epidermis |
Column I | Column II | ||
A | Pollen Tube | P | Feeds the developing embryo |
B | Stigma | Q | Site of pollen grain landing |
C | Endosperm | R | Allows the sperm to reach the ovule |
D | Micropyle | S | Entry point for pollen tube into ovule |
A | B | C | D | |
1. | S | Q | R | P |
2. | R | Q | P | S |
3. | P | R | Q | S |
4. | Q | P | S | R |
I: | There is no residual endosperm in mature seeds of pea and groundnut. |
II: | Mature seeds of wheat and maize are albuminous. |
III: | Perisperm is seen in mature seeds of black pepper and beet. |
1. | It originates from one megaspore and involves three mitotic divisions. |
2. | It involves the development of eight megaspores from one mother cell. |
3. | It results in the formation of a seven-nucleate, eight-celled structure. |
4. | It begins with multiple sporogenous cells. |