1. | Photosynthesis | 2. | Respiration |
3. | Herbivory | 4. | Carnivory |
Statement I: | Dry weight is a more accurate way to measure biomass. |
Statement II: | Wet weight can vary based on the species' environmental and physiological conditions. |
1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct |
2. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect |
3. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct |
4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect |
I: | Pyramid of numbers |
II: | Pyramid of biomass |
III: | Pyramid of energy |
Assertion (A): | In a food chain, man is considered as an apex predator and a top consumer. |
Reason (R): | In a food chain, man is placed at the top and has no known natural predators. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A) |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) does not correctly explain (A) |
3. | (A) is True, (R) is False |
4. | (A) is False, (R) is False |
I: | Gross primary productivity | The energy that's left for the primary producers to use for growth and reproduction, or that becomes available to consumers at the next trophic level. |
II: | Net Primary Productivity | The total amount of organic matter that primary producers (usually plants through photosynthesis) synthesize in an ecosystem over a given period of time. |
I: | It begins with dead organic matter. |
II: | It is the major conduit for energy flow in aquatic ecosystem. |
III: | It is not connected with the grazing food chain at any level. |
1. | Cyclical, like the flow of nutrients. |
2. | Unidirectional from the sun through various trophic levels. |
3. | From consumers to producers to decomposers. |
4. | Equally distributed among all trophic levels |
1. | The rate at which consumers produce organic material. |
2. | The amount of biomass produced by decomposers. |
3. | The rate at which producers synthesize organic material from inorganic substances. |
4. | The total amount of organic material available in the ecosystem. |
Assertion (A): | In a terrestrial ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is generally upright. |
Reason (R): | Producers have a higher biomass than that of consumers in terrestrial ecosystems. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |