Primers used in PCR are:
1. a complementary DNA sequence synthesised on the template of hnRNA
2. artificially synthesised or sequences used to induce replication of DNA
3. a single-stranded sequence of DNA or RNA used to search for its complementary sequence in a sample genome
4. small chemically synthesised oligonucletides that are complementary to the regions of DNA

Subtopic:  Polymerase Chain Reaction: PCR |
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Regarding stirred-tank reactor:
I: It is usually spherical in shape.
II: The stirrer facilitates even mixing and oxygen availability throughout the reactor.
 
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
Subtopic:  Bioreactors/Downstream Processing |
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Identify the correct statement:
1. DNA is the genetic material of all organisms without exception.
2. As it is an RNA world, the genetic material is ds RNA in majority of the organisms.
3. Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA along with other macromolecules.
4. Proteins such as histones can be removed from the cell lysate with the help of ribonuclease.
Subtopic:  Process of Biotech |
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In a continuous culture system:
I: The used medium is drained out from one side while the fresh medium is added from the other.
II: The cells are maintained in their physiologically most active log/exponential phase.
III: A larger biomass is produced leading to higher yields of desired proteins.
 
1. Only I and II are correct
2. Only I and III are correct
3. Only II and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct
Subtopic:  Large Scale Production |
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Consider the given two statements:
Assertion (A): A piece of DNA, if needed to be propagated during recombinant DNA procedures, requires a vector.
Reason (R): The vectors provide the origin of replication.
 
1. Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A).
2. (A) is False but (R) is True.
3. (A) is True but (R) is False.
4. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A).
Subtopic:  Tools |
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To isolate DNA from a cell, the cell wall needs to be broken. Match the enzymes in Column I with the type of cell in Column II and select the correct match from the codes given:
Column I Column II
A. Lysozyme P. Fungal cell
B. Cellulase Q. Plant cell
C. Chitinase R. Bacterial cell
Codes:
A B C
1. P Q R
2. P R Q
3. R P Q
4. R Q P
Subtopic:  Host & Desired DNA |
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Name the British biochemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice – once for determining the amino acid sequence of insulin and then for developing first-ever DNA sequencing technique:
1. Karl Barry Sharpless
2. John Bardeen
3. Frederick Sanger
4. Walter Gilbert
Subtopic:  Human Genome Project |
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Techniques to alter the chemistry of genetic material (DNA and RNA), to introduce these into host organisms and thus change the phenotype of the host organism constitute:
1. Biotechnology
2. Genetic engineering
3. Bioprocess engineering
4. Genomics
Subtopic:  Introduction & History |
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A piece of DNA, which is somehow transferred into an alien organism, most likely:
1. would not be able to multiply itself in the progeny cells of the organism.
2. would be transcribed but the transcript will not be translated.
3. would express as different proteins from the organism it was derived from.
4. would be invariably destroyed by the cytosolic endonucleases in eukaryotic cells.
Subtopic:  Introduction & History: II |
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Which of the following is the correct representation of the recognition sequence of EcoR I?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Subtopic:  Restriction Enzymes - Main Enzymes |
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