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Q. No.If \(\Delta Q\) is the heat flowing out of a system, \(\Delta W\) is the work done by the system on its surroundings, and \(\Delta U\) is the decrease in internal energy of the system, then the first law of thermodynamics can be stated as:
1.
\(\Delta Q=\Delta U+\Delta W\)
2.
\(\Delta U=\Delta Q+\Delta W\)
3.
\(\Delta U=\Delta Q-\Delta W\)
4.
\(\Delta U+\Delta Q+\Delta W=0\)
Subtopic: First Law of Thermodynamics |
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Subtopic: 2nd & 3rd Law of Thermodynamics |
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Given below are two statements:
| Assertion (A): | The internal energy of an ideal gas does not depend on the volume of the gas. |
| Reason (R): | Internal energy depends only on the temperature of a gas. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
Subtopic: Basic Terms |
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Given below are two statements:
| Assertion (A): | It is not possible for a system, unaided by an external agency to transfer heat from a body at a lower temperature to another at a higher temperature. |
| Reason (R): | It is not possible to violate the second law of thermodynamics. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
Subtopic: Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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Consider the following statements and select the correct option:
| Statement (A): | Heat is not a state function. |
| Statement (B): | Heat supplied to a system is a path function. |
| 1. | Both statements (A) and (B) are True. |
| 2. | Both statements (A) and (B) are False. |
| 3. | Only statement (A) is True. |
| 4. | Only statement (B) is True. |
Subtopic: Basic Terms |
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A reversible engine converts one-sixth of the heat input into work. When the temperature of the sink is reduced by \(62^\circ \text{C}\), the efficiency of the engine is doubled. The temperatures of the source and the sink are:
1. \(90^\circ \text{C}\), \(37^\circ \text{C}\)
2. \(99^\circ \text{C}\), \(37^\circ \text{C}\)
3. \(80^\circ \text{C}\), \(37^\circ \text{C}\)
4. \(95^\circ \text{C}\), \(37^\circ \text{C}\)
1. \(90^\circ \text{C}\), \(37^\circ \text{C}\)
2. \(99^\circ \text{C}\), \(37^\circ \text{C}\)
3. \(80^\circ \text{C}\), \(37^\circ \text{C}\)
4. \(95^\circ \text{C}\), \(37^\circ \text{C}\)
Subtopic: Carnot Engine |
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A cylinder of a fixed capacity of \(44.8\) litres contains helium gas at a standard temperature and pressure. The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the gas in the cylinder by \(20.0^\circ \text{C}\) will be: (Given: gas constant R = \(8.3\) JK–1-moI–1)
1. \(249\) J
2. \(415\) J
3. \(498\) J
4. \(830\) J
1. \(249\) J
2. \(415\) J
3. \(498\) J
4. \(830\) J
Subtopic: Types of Processes |
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Starting with the same initial conditions, an ideal gas expands from volume \(V_1\) to \(V_2\) in three different ways. The work done by the gas is \(W_1\) if the process is purely isothermal, \(W_2\) if the process is purely adiabatic and \(W_3\) if the process is purely isobaric. Then,
| 1. | \(W_1<W_2<W_3\) | 2. | \(W_2<W_3<W_1\) |
| 3. | \(W_3<W_1<W_2\) | 4. | \(W_2<W_1<W_3\) |
Subtopic: Types of Processes |
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A fixed mass of an ideal gas undergoes a change in which it is supplied with \(3500\) J of thermal energy. At the same time, this gas does \(3500\) J of work on its surroundings. Which type of change does the gas undergo during this time?
| 1. | adiabatic | 2. | isothermal |
| 3. | isochoric | 4. | isomeric |
Subtopic: First Law of Thermodynamics |
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If an ideal gas is compressed isothermally, which of the following statement is true?
| 1. | Energy is transferred into the gas by heat. |
| 2. | Work is done by the gas. |
| 3. | Pressure of the gas decreases. |
| 4. | The internal energy of the gas remains constant. |
Subtopic: Types of Processes |
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