Which of the following is higher in value?
1. | Amount of carbon dioxide delivered by 100 ml of blood at lungs than amount of oxygen delivered by 100 ml of blood at tissues |
2. | Amount of carbon dioxide transported by hemoglobin than amount of oxygen transported by hemoglobin |
3. | The diffusing capacity of carbon dioxide across the respiratory membrane than the diffusing capacity of oxygen across the respiratory membrane |
4. | Alveolar ventilation than the minute ventilation |
It is necessary that lungs must be present in anatomically air-tight chamber because:
1. | we cannot directly alter the pulmonary volume |
2. | our lungs are not made of any elastic tissue |
3. | the pleural cavity always has a positive pressure with respect to pulmonary pressure |
4. | the partial pressure of oxygen in atmosphere is less than that in the alveoli |
The conducting part of the human respiratory system is not involved in:
I: | clearing inhaled air from foreign particles |
II: | humidifying the exhaled air |
III: | bringing the air to a temperature higher than body temperature |
1. | Only I | 2. | Only II and III |
3. | Only I and II | 4. | I, II and III |
The amount of carbon dioxide that can diffuse through the diffusion membrane is much higher compared to that of oxygen because:
1. | the gradient across the membrane is much higher for carbon dioxide |
2. | carbon dioxide is more toxic than oxygen |
3. | solubility of carbon dioxide is much higher than that of oxygen |
4. | carbon dioxide has more affinity for hemoglobin than that of oxygen |
Pulmonary fibrosis is a pathological hallmark of:
1. Chronic obstructive lung disease
2. Bronchial asthma
3. Viral Pneumonia in children
4. Occupational lung diseases
Identify the incorrect statement regarding the enzyme carbonic anhydrase:
1. | RBCs contain a very high concentration of this enzyme |
2. | The enzyme is absent in the plasma |
3. | It facilitates the reaction catalyzed in both directions |
4. | It is a metalloenzyme |
Under normal physiological conditions, what amount of oxygen is delivered to the tissues?
1. | 4 ml | 2. | 5 ml |
3. | 15 ml | 4. | 20 ml |
Regarding pulmonary capacities, the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration can also be defined as:
1. | Total volume of air a person can inspire or expire after a normal inspiration or expiration |
2. | Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration |
3. | Maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration |
4. | Total volume of air accommodated in the lungs at the end of a forced inspiration |
Alveoli in the lungs are lined by:
1. a simple squamous epithelium.
2. a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
3. a simple cuboidal epithelium.
4. a transitional epithelium.