1. | The sex organs are multicellular. |
2. | The female sex organ called archegonium is flask-shaped and produces a single egg. |
3. | They produce biflagellate antherozoids. |
4. | Zygotes undergo reduction division immediately. |
I: | Ovules are not enclosed by any ovary wall and remain exposed, both before and after fertilisation. |
II: | The seeds that develop post-fertilisation, are not covered, i.e., are naked. |
I: | The male gametophyte of Marchantia |
II: | Hair like multicellular, branched true roots on the margins of the plant body. |
III: | Sexual reproductive cup like structures on the dorsal surface of the plant. |
1. | Sexual characters are not genetically determined |
2. | Vegetative characters are more easily affected by environment |
3. | Sexual characters are not easily observable in living beings |
4. | Vegetative reproduction is equally common as sexual reproduction |
1. | Artificial system | 2. | Natural system |
3. | Phylogenetic system | 4. | Useless system |
1. | Coralloid roots |
2. | Mycorrhizal association |
3. | Male and female cones or strobili are borne on the same tree |
4. | Branched stems |
1. | Cellulose, Galactans, Mannans and Minerals |
2. | Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Pectins and Proteins |
3. | Cellulose, Pectins, Mannans and Minerals |
4. | Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Mannans and Pectins |
I: | The gametes are flagellated and similar in size in Ulothrix or non-flagellated (non-motile) but similar in size in Spirogyra. |
II: | Fusion of two gametes dissimilar in size, as in species of Eudorina is termed as anisogamous. |
Assertion (A): | Red algae are often found in deep waters. |
Reason (R): | They have unique pigments that enable adaptations to low light conditions |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True; (R) is False |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |