Assertion (A): | Statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. |
Reason (R): | Statins act by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | (A) is True; (R) is False |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A) |
1. | Initially, floating debris is removed by sequential filtration. |
2. | Then the grit (soil and small pebbles) are removed by sedimentation. |
3. | All solids that settle form the primary sludge, and the supernatant forms the effluent. |
4. | The effluent from the primary settling tank is discharged in rivers. |
1. | Higher are the values of BOD and DO |
2. | Lower are the values of BOD and DO |
3. | Higher is the value of BOD and lower is the value of DO |
4. | Lower is the value of BOD and higher is the value of DO |
I: | A small part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the inoculum. |
II: | Major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters. |
Statement I: | The ‘conventional’ farming practices often use chemical methods which kill both useful and harmful life forms indiscriminately. |
Statement II: | The organic farmer works to create a system where the insects that are sometimes called pests are not eradicated, but instead are kept at manageable levels. |
1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct |
2. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct |
3. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect |
4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect |
Assertion (A): | An important part of the biological farming approach is to become familiar with the various life forms that inhabit the field, predators as well as pests. |
Reason (R): | This will help develop appropriate means of biocontrol. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A) |
2. | (A) is True; (R) is False |
3. | (A) is False; (R) is False |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
1. | It is being developed as a biological control agent. |
2. | It is a fungicide. |
3. | It lives in symbiosis with roots of vascular plants. |
4. | It is very common in the root ecosystems. |
Assertion (A): | The use of pathogens like baculoviruses as biocontrol agent in ecologically sensitive areas should be avoided. |
Reason (R): | Baculoviruses are broad spectrum general insecticides. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | (A) is True; (R) is False |
3. | (A) is False; (R) is False |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
1. | The use of the chemical fertilisers has contributed significantly to this pollution. |
2. | Biofertilisers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. |
3. | The main sources of biofertilisers are bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria. |
4. | Chemical fertilizers are integral and essential component of organic farming. |