Q. No.What is the number of times that the human kidneys can maximally concentrate the initial filtrate?
1.
2
2.
4
3.
6
4.
8
1. Juxta-glomerular apparatus
2. Macula densa
3. Columns of Bertini
4. Ducts of Bellini
All the following are the physiological effects of angiotensin II except:
1. Vasoconstriction in renal artery and afferent arteriole
2. Vasodilation in efferent arteriole
3. Increased sodium absorption in PCT
4. Stimulation of adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
The main physiological stimulus for vasopressin release is
| 1. | Blood volume | 2. | Plasma osmolality |
| 3. | Blood pressure | 4. | Stroke volume |
The average weight of the human kidney varies between:
| 1. | 80 – 120 gm | 2. | 120 – 170 gm |
| 3. | 180 – 200 gm | 4. | 225 – 245 gm |
A capillary network around the renal tubule is formed by:
| 1. | Afferent arteriole | 2. | Efferent arteriole |
| 3. | Vasa recta | 4. | Arcuate artery |
The proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron is lined by:
1. simple ciliated cuboidal epithelium
2. simple ciliated columnar epithelium
3. compound cuboidal brush bordered epithelium
4. simple cuboidal brush bordered epithelium
Aldosterone can be secreted by adrenal cortex when it is stimulated most directly by:
| 1. | ADH | 2. | Renin |
| 3. | Angiotensin | 4. | ANF |
As the filtrate passes upward in the ascending limb of loop of Henle:
| 1. | it gets diluted due to the reabsorption of water from medullary interstitium |
| 2. | it gets diluted due to the passage of electrolytes to medullary interstitium |
| 3. | it gets concentrated due to the reabsorption of electrolytes from medullary interstitium |
| 4. | it gets concentrated due to the passage of water to medullary interstitium |
1. Malpighian tubule
2. Renal corpuscle
3. Nephron
4. Collecting system
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