Q. No.A primary consumer amongst the following would be:
1. an autotroph 2. a horse parasite 3. an oak tree parasite 4. a wolf
Nitrogen is often a limiting nutrient in terrestrial ecosystems because:
| 1. | the percentage of nitrogen in the atmosphere is low |
| 2. | atmospheric nitrogen is primarily in the stratosphere |
| 3. | dinitrogen cannot be used directly by the organisms |
| 4. | there are regional fluctuations in nitrogen levels in the atmosphere |
| Assertion (A): | We generally undervalue the magnitude of ecosystem services that benefits us. |
| Reason (R): | We do not attach a monetary value to the services of natural ecosystems. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
- If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
- If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
- If the assertion is true but the reason is false
- If both the assertion and reason are false
Top predators are especially endangered primarily because:
1. The population size would be small
2. Their food requirement is huge
3. They are more prone to diseases
4. They are usually outcompeted by prey
What is the percent of atmospheric carbon dioxide that is fixed annually by photosynthesis?
1. 70%
2. 36%
3. 10%
4. 1%
Choose the correct chronological order [lowest to highest] of the production efficiency of the given animals:
| 1. | mammals, fish, insects | 2. | insects, fish, mammals |
| 3. | fish, insects, mammals | 4. | insects, mammals, fish |
In the Hubbard Brook experiment, when the part of the forest was cut down
1. water flowed through the system at a greater rate
2. nitrogen began to accumulate in the system
3. more phosphorus was lost in stream runoff
4. carbon dioxide is released into the environment
A herbivore eats 4,000 J of plant material. 2200 J is indigestible and is eliminated as feces. 1,600 J are used in cellular respiration. What is the approximate production efficiency of this animal?
| 1. | 1% | 2. | 5% |
| 3. | 10% | 4. | 50% |
The amount of water required for a crop plant to produce one kilogram of food is approximately:
1. 1 Kg
2. 10 Kg
3. 100 Kg
4. 1000 Kg
In boreal forests soils contain large amounts of carbon but the primary production is low compared to other types of forests. This can be explained by:
1. high rates of herbivory
2. slow weathering of rocks
3. periodic fires in the forests
4. restricted decomposition
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