Q. No.During the process of ecological succession, the changes that take place in communities are :
1. Orderly and sequential
2. Random
3. Very quick
4. Not influenced by the physical environment
1. Orderly and sequential
2. Random
3. Very quick
4. Not influenced by the physical environment
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Climax community is in a state of :
1. Non-equilibrium
2. Equilibrium
3. Disorder
4. Constant change
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Among the following bio-geo-chemical cycles, which one does not have losses due to respiration?
1. Phosphorus
2. Nitrogen
3. Sulphur
4. All of the above
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The sequence of communities of primary succession in water is :
| 1. | Phytoplankton, sedges, free-floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, grasses, and trees. |
| 2. | Phytoplankton, free-floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, sedges, grasses, and trees. |
| 3. | Free-floating hydrophytes, sedges, phytoplankton, rooted hydrophytes, grasses, and trees. |
| 4. | Phytoplankton, rooted submerged hydrophytes, floating hydrophytes, reed swamp, sedges, meadow, and trees. |
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If the carbon atoms fixed by producers already have passed through three species, the trophic level of the last species would be
| 1. | Scavenger | 2. | Tertiary producer |
| 3. | Tertiary consumer | 4. | Secondary consumer |
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Which of the following type of ecosystem is expected in an area where evaporation exceeds precipitation, and mean annual rainfall is below 100 mm?
1. Grassland
2. Shrubby forest
3. Desert
4. Mangrove
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The zone at the edge of a lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and immersed in water is called?
| 1. | Pelagic zone | 2. | Benthic zone |
| 3. | Lentic zone | 4. | Littoral zone |
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Which of the following is an ecosystem service provided by a natural ecosystem?
| 1. | Cycling of nutrients |
| 2. | Prevention of soil erosion |
| 3. | Pollutant absorption and reduction of the threat of global warming |
| 4. | All of the above |
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| Assertion (A): | Most ecosystems would vanish if the sun were not continuously providing energy to Earth. |
| Reason (R): | Both energy and matter are transformed in ecosystems through photosynthesis and feeding relationships. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and the (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but the (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R)are False. |
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