Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R): 

Assertion (A):	Lymph that enters the lymph vessels from the interstitial spaces usually does not flow backwards along the vessels.
Reason (R):	Unlike the cardiovascular system, the lymphatic system is not closed and has no central pump.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Assertion: Blood continuously flows into the arterioles and capillaries from the arteries even during the ventricular diastole.
Reason: The arteries remain pressurized throughout the cardiac cycle.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false

Assertion: Although rare, but runners and athletes can suffer heart failure if they stop vigorous exercise abruptly.
Reason: To reduce the risk athletes are encouraged to follow hard exercise with moderate activity such as walking.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: Sudden emotional stress at the sight of blood may lead to syncope [fainting] in some individuals.
Reason: Due to sudden stress, simultaneous enhancement of parasympathetic nervous system (vagal) tone and withdrawal of sympathetic nervous system tone may occur.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: The first and the second heart sounds are produced by the closure of AV and semilunar valves respectively.
Reason: The opening of the valves should not produce any sounds under normal physiological conditions.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false

Assertion: Coronary arteries are especially vulnerable to obstruction by atherosclerotic plaques or thrombus.
Reason: Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the muscles of the heart itself.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: Hypertension is a risk factor for coronary artery disease and stroke.
Reason: Hypertension damages arterial endothelium promoting plaque formation.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R): 

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

The second largest constituent of plasma is:
1. Water
2. Proteins
3. Glucose
4. Hormones