Q. No.The GFR will be decreased if there is:
1. elevated blood pressure
2. constriction of the afferent arterioles
3. decreased blood colloid osmotic pressure
4. decreased capsule pressure
1. elevated blood pressure
2. constriction of the afferent arterioles
3. decreased blood colloid osmotic pressure
4. decreased capsule pressure
Identify the point in the nephron by which glucose is completely reabsorbed from the filtrate under normal physiological conditions:
1. the end of the proximal tubule.
2. the tip of the loop of Henle.
3. the end of the distal tubule.
4. the end of the collecting duct.
Specialized smooth muscle cells mainly in the walls of the afferent arterioles called the Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:
| 1. ADH | 2. angiotensin |
| 3. aldosterone | 4. renin |
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The blood flow to which of the following will be directly caused by a blockage in a glomerulus?
1. afferent arteriole
2. efferent arteriole
3. renal artery
4. arcuate artery
The hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, when stimulated by angiotensin II, that causes increased sodium and water reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubules, is:
| 1. renin | 2. aldosterone |
| 3. antidiuretic hormone | 4. cortisol |
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A deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) is most likely to result in:
1. dehydration
2. incontinence
3. anuria
4. cystitis
Which of the following statements is correct?
| 1. | The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water |
| 2. | The descending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water |
| 3. | The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water |
| 4. | The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes |
A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of
| 1. renin | 2. atrial natriuretic factor |
| 3. aldosterone | 4. ADH |
The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is
1. distal convoluted tubule
2. proximal convoluted tubule
3. Bowman's capsule
4. descending limb of Henle's loop
Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?
1. Henle's loop - most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate
2. Distal convoluted tubule - reabsorption of ions into the surrounding blood capillaries
3. Afferent arteriole - carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards the renal vein
4. Podocytes- create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman's capsule
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