1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false |
4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true |
A: | Any calculations of energy content, biomass or numbers has to include all organisms at the trophic level |
B: | A given species occupies only one trophic level in the same ecosystem at the same time. |
A | B | |
1. | T | T |
2. | T | F |
3. | F | T |
4. | F | F |
A: | It is said that Detritus food chain may be connected to grazing food chain at some levels. |
B: | Some of the organisms of DFC are prey to the GFC animals. |
1. | Both A and B are correct and B is correct explanation of A |
2. | Both A and B are correct but B is not correct explanation of A |
3. | Only B is correct, A is incorrect |
4. | Only A is correct, B is incorrect |
1. | Carnivores | - | Secondary or tertiary consumer |
2. | Herbivores | - | Primary consumer |
3. | Decomposers | - | Microbial heterotrophs |
4. | Detrivores | - | Secondary consumers |
1. | All the steps in decomposition operate simultaneously on the humus. |
2. | Humus is dark colored amorphous substance |
3. | Humus undergoes decomposition at very slow rate |
4. | Humus serves as reservoir of nutrients. |
Assertion (A): | Pyramid of energy is always upright, can never be inverted. |
Reason (R): | When energy flows from a particular trophic level to the next trophic level, some energy is always lost as heat at each step. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | No energy that is trapped into an organism remains in it for ever. |
Reason (R): | The energy trapped by producers is either passed on to a consumer or the organism dies. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Lichens are the first organisms to colonise bare rocks hence are ecologically important |
Reason (R): | Lichens are symbiotic association between two heterotrophs |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
1. | Standing state | 2. | Standing crop |
3. | Humus | 4. | Detritus |