Assertion (A): | The base of a pyramid is broad and it narrows down at the apex |
Reason (R): | Shape of pyramid may vary with the food or energy relationship between organisms at different trophic level. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | The pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted. |
Reason (R): | The biomass of fishes far exceeds than that of phytoplankton |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Pyramid of energy is always upright, can never be inverted. |
Reason (R): | When energy flows from a particular trophic level to the next trophic level, some energy is always lost as heat at each step. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Succession and evolution would have been parallel process. |
Reason (R): | The present day communities in the world have come to be because of succession that has occurred over millions of years since life started on the earth. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | The vegetational changes during succession affect food and shelter for various types of animals. |
Reason (R): | As succession proceeds, the number and types of animals and decomposers also change |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Hydrarch and xerarch successions take place in wetter areas and dry areas respectively. |
Reason (R): | Both hydrach and xerarch succession lead to mesic condition |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | In secondary succession, climax is reached more quickly |
Reason (R): | The rate of succession is much faster than primary succession. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
A | Primary productivity | (i) | Mass of living matter at a particular time |
B | Standing crop | (ii) | Organic matter formed by consumers |
C | Secondary productivity | (iii) | Is occupied by trees |
D | Top level in stratification | (iv) | Due to producers |
A | B | C | D | |
1. | (i) | (iv) | (ii) | (iii) |
2. | (iv) | (i) | (ii) | (iii) |
3. | (iv) | (i) | (iii) | (i) |
4. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |