| List I | List II |
| A. Lichens | I. Pioneer species |
| B. Invade bare area | II. Hydrosere |
| C. Reed swamp stage | III. Final stable community |
| D. Climax | IV. Lithosere |
| Statement I: | The pyramid of energy is always upright, can never be inverted |
| Statement II: | When energy flows from one trophic level to next trophic level, some energy is always lost as heat |
| List I | List II |
| A. Primary consumers | I. Top carnivore |
| B. Tertiary consumers | II. Herbivore |
| C. Producers | III. Carnivore |
| D. Secondary consumers | IV. Plants |