Q. No.Under which condition would you expect the mitochondrial proton gradient to be highest and therefore ATP synthesis to proceed?
1.
pyruvate (present)-oxygen (present)-ATP levels (high)
2.
pyruvate (present)-oxygen (present)-ATP levels (low)
3.
pyruvate (present)-oxygen (absent)-ATP levels (high)
4.
pyruvate (absent)-oxygen (present)-ATP levels (low)
Plants can get along without respiratory organs because of the following except:
| 1. | Each plant part takes care of its own gas exchange needs |
| 2. | Plants do not present great demands for gas exchange. |
| 3. | Gas diffusion in plants occurs easily over long distances in plants. |
| 4. | Each living cell in a plant is located quite close to the surface of the plant. |
Sucrose is converted into glucose and fructose by the enzyme:
1. Maltase
2. Zymase
3. Isomerase
4. Invertase
The maximum concentration of alcohol in beverages that are naturally fermented is:
1. 5 - 10%
2. 10 - 15%
3. 20 - 25%
4. 45 - 50%
The co-factor required for the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase is:
1. Zinc
2. Magnesium
3. Manganese
4. Copper
In the mitochondrial electron transport system, the term Complex III refers to:
1. NADH dehydrogenase
2. Cytochrome c
3. FADH2
4. Cytochrome bc1 complex
For each ATP produced, how many H passes through F0 from the intermembrane space to the matrix down the electrochemical proton gradient?
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
In the absence of oxygen, the primary purpose of fermentation is to:
| 1. | produce amino acids for protein synthesis |
| 2. | generate a proton gradient for ATP synthesis |
| 3. | oxidize glucose to generate reduce electron carriers |
| 4. | regenerate NAD+ from NADH allowing glycolysis to continue |
During glycolysis, when glucose is catabolized to pyruvate, most of the energy of glucose is
| 1. | transferred to ADP, forming ATP. |
| 2. | transferred directly to ATP. |
| 3. | retained in the pyruvate. |
| 4. | stored in the NADH produced. |
ATP production during cellular respiration is controlled by allosteric inhibition. The control is the allosteric inhibition by ATP and citric acid of the enzyme that facilitates the formation of:
| 1. | Glucose 6- phosphate from glucose |
| 2. | Fructose 1,6- bisphosphate from Fructose 6 - phosphate |
| 3. | Acetyl CoA from Pyruvic acid |
| 4. | Citric acid from Acetyl CoA and Oxaloacetic acid |
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