Q. No.Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding an evolutionary trend?
1.
It is the continuous change of a character within an evolving lineage.
2.
The number of trends in any lineage is the same as the number of characters evolving.
3.
A trend may be progressive or retrogressive.
4.
Direction and speed of evolutionary trends in a lineage are universal throughout the family and are not subject to variations.
Which of the following is not a major evolutionary trend seen in the evolution of horses?
| 1. | Progressive increase in the number of toes |
| 2. | Increase in the complexity of the molar teeth |
| 3. | Lengthening of the limbs in general |
| 4. | Enlargement of the brain |
The “Biogenetic Law” was given by :
| 1. | von Baer | 2. | Ernst Haeckel |
| 3. | Hugo de Vries | 4. | Theodosius Dobzhansky |
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Which of the following is not a proposition of Lamarckism?
| 1. | Living organisms or their component parts tend continually to increase in size |
| 2. | Production of new organs results from a new need due to a change in the environment |
| 3. | If an organ is used constantly, it tends to get developed, whereas disuse results in degeneration |
| 4. | Modifications produced by the above mechanisms during the lifetime of an individual will not be inherited |
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Around 200 mya, some land reptiles went back to the water to evolve into fish-like reptiles, for example:
| 1. | Pareiasaurus | 2. | Pelycosaurus |
| 3. | Ichthyosaurs | 4. | Archosaurus |
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The loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population is called as:
| 1. | the bottleneck effect | 2. | the founder effect |
| 3. | assortative mating | 4. | random mating |
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“Organisms that share common descent show underlying embryological patterns on which they build later their adult patterns”. This is :
| 1. | Haeckel’s law | 2. | Baer’s law |
| 3. | Gauss law | 4. | Allen’s rule |
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Lichens are very sensitive to pollution. In England, after the onset of the industrial revolution, the lichens were adversely affected and the frequency of the dark-colored peppered moths increased because they were:
1. protected from carcinogens
2. protected from lichen poisons
3. more robust
4. protected from predation
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The control apparatus of the Urey and Miller experiment was devoid of :
1. a provision for evaporation
2. an arrangement for circulation
3. a source of energy
4. an arrangement for condensation
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In Darwinian terms “fitness” can best be described as:
1. ability of organism, relative to others in the population, to pass its genes to next generation
2. the number of mates the organism has during its life time
3. its lifespan
4. its physical vigor
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