| 1. | Increasing the thickness of cellular lining of the alveoli |
| 2. | Decreasing the average size of the alveoli |
| 3. | Increasing the amount of Hb in each RBC |
| 4. | More than one options as mentioned above |
| Assertion (A): | RBCs contain a red-colored complex protein called hemoglobin. |
| Reason (R): | RBCs are devoid of nucleus in most of the mammals and are biconcave in shape. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion (A): | 'O' group individuals are called universal donors. |
| Reason (R): | Group 'O' blood can be donated to persons with any other blood group. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion (A): | Nearly 20% of humans have Rh antigens. |
| Reason (R): | Rh antigen is named after Rhesus monkeys. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion(A): | Birds and Mammals have double circulation. |
| Reason (R): | Two separate circulatory pathways are present in birds and mammals where the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion (A): | ECG is of great clinical significance. |
| Reason (R): | It helps to diagnose possible abnormalities/diseases of the heart. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion (A) | Human heart is myogenic. |
| Reason (R) | Normal activities of the heart are regulated by the human brain. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion (A): | SAN is called the pacemaker of the heart. |
| Reason (R): | It generates the maximum number of action potentials and hence, it sets the pace of heart beat. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion (A): | Heart failure is sometimes called congestive heart failure. |
| Reason (R): | Congestion of the lungs is one of the main symptoms of this disease. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion (A): | The heart rate of an individual can be determined by counting the number of QRS complexes. |
| Reason (R): | The ECGs obtained from different healthy individuals have roughly the same shape for a given lead configuration. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |