The Total Lung Capacity (TLC) is the total volume of air accommodated in the lungs at the end of forced inspiration.
This includes:
1. | RV; IC (Inspiratory Capacity); EC (Expiratory Capacity); and ERV |
2. | RV; ERV; IC and EC |
3. | RV; ERV; VC (Vital Capacity) and FRC (Functional Residual Capacity) |
4. | RV (Residual Volume); ERV (Expiratory Reserve Volume); TV (Tidal Volume); and IRV (Inspiratory Reserve Volume) |
Match the following columns and select the correct option:
Column I | Column II | ||
(a) | Pneumotaxic Centre | (i) | Alveoli |
(b) | O2 Dissociation curve | (ii) | Pons region of the brain |
(c) | Carbonic Anhydrase | (iii) | Haemoglobin |
(d) | Primary site of exchange of gases | (iv) | R.B.C. |
Options: | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
1. | (i) | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) |
2. | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) | (i) |
3. | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) | (i) |
4. | (iv) | (i) | (iii) | (ii) |
Transport of gases in alveoli takes place by:
1. Active transport | 2. Passive transport |
3. Simple diffusion | 4. None of the above |
The partial pressures (in mm Hg) of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) at alveoli (the site of diffusion) are :
1. pO2 = 95 and pCO2 = 40
2. pO2 = 159 and pCO2 = 0.3
3. pO2 = 104 and pCO2 = 40
4. pO2 = 40 and pCO2 = 45
Select the favorable conditions required for the formation of oxyhemoglobin at the alveoli.
1. High pO2, high pCO2, less H+, higher temperature
2. Low pO2, low pCO2, more H+, higher temperature
3. High pO2, low pCO2, less H+, lower temperature
4. Low pO2 high pCO2 more H+, higher temperature
Identify the wrong statement with reference to transport of oxygen:
1. | Partial pressure of CO2 can interfere with O2 binding with haemoglobin. |
2. | Higher H+ concentration in alveoli favours the formation of oxyhaemoglobin. |
3. | Low pCO2 in alveoli favours the formation of oxyhaemoglobin. |
4. | Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is mainly related to partial pressure of O2. |
Select the correct events that occur during inspiration.
(a) Contraction of diaphragm
(b) Contraction of external inter-costal muscles
(c) Pulmonary volume decreases
(d) Intra pulmonary pressure increases
1. (c) and (d)
2. (a), (b) and (d)
3. only (d)
4. (a) and (b)
Under normal physiological conditions in human being every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver _____________ml of O2 to the tissues.
1. 10 ml
2. 2 ml
3. 5 ml
4. 4 ml
1. | Provides surface for diffusion of O2 and CO2 |
2. | It clears inhaled air from foreign particles |
3. | Inhaled air is humidified |
4. | Temperature of inhaled air is brought to body temperature |
Which of the following disorders represents decrease in respiratory surface due to damaged alveolar walls?
1. Hypocapnia
2. Bronchitis
3. Asthma
4. Emphysema