A Wheatstone bridge is used to determine the value of unknown resistance \(X\) by adjusting the variable resistance \(Y\) as shown in the figure. For the most precise measurement of \(X\), the resistances \(P\) and \(Q\):
1.
do not play any significant role.
2.
should be approximately equal to \(2X\).
3.
should be approximately equal and are small.
4.
should be very large and unequal.
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In the Wheatstone Bridge arrangement shown, the resistance \(P\) is \(2~ \Omega.\) The bridge is initially balanced. If P and Q are interchanged: an amount equal to \(S\) has to be added to \(R\) to restore the balance. The resistance \(Q\) equals (nearly):
1. \(2 ~\Omega\)
2. \(3.2 ~\Omega\)
3. \(4 ~\Omega\)
4. \(6.4 ~\Omega\)
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In a Wheatstone Bridge arrangement, as shown in the figure, the bridge is balanced. However, when the resistances in the arms \(P,Q\) are switched, the bridge is balanced only when \(R\) is replaced by \(4R\) in the other two arms. If the value of \(R\) is \(100\)\(\Omega\), that of \(S\) is:
1.
\(100~\Omega\)
2.
\(50~\Omega\)
3.
\(200~\Omega\)
4.
\(400~\Omega\)
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