Give below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | In human beings, insulin is synthesized as a pro-hormone which needs to be processed before it becomes fully mature and functional. |
Reason (R): | The extra stretch of C-peptide is to be removed from A and B peptide chain of insulin. |
In the light of the above statements, Choose the most appropriate answer from the option given below :
1. | (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. |
2. | (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
Statement I: | Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which contain a toxin that kills certain insects but not Bacillus because Bt toxin protein exists as inactive protoxins in Bacillus. |
Statement II: | Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which contain a toxin that kills certain insects but not Bacillus because toxin requires alkaline pH available in the gut of insects and which solubilises the crystals in order to convert into an active form. |
Statement I: | Proteins encoded by genes cryIAc and cryllAb control corn borer, that of crylAb control the cotton bollworms |
Statement II: | Bt toxin protein exist as inactive protoxins but once an insect ingests the inactive toxin, it is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline pH of the gut |
(i) | PCR is used to detect mutations in genes in suspected cancer patients. |
(ii) | A direct method to insert a foreign gene into plant cells is micro-injection. |
(iii) | The first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced human protein-enriched milk, i.e., 5.4 grams per litre. |
(iv) | RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. |
Column I | Column II | ||
a. | Patent on Basmati rice by an American company | (i) | 1983 |
b. | First clinical gene therapy | (ii) | 1997 |
c. | Humulin by Eli Lilly Co. | (iii) | 1972 |
d. | Construction of first recombinant DNA | (iv) | 1990 |