Satellite DNA:
1. Form a small portion of the human genome
2. Code for proteins that are essential for survival
3. Code for proteins that are not essential for survival
4. Show a high degree of polymorphism
1. | Polymorphism (variation at the genetic level) arises due to mutations. |
2. | Allelic sequence variation has traditionally been described as a DNA polymorphism if more than one variant (allele) at a locus occurs in the human population with a frequency greater than 1.00. |
3. | The probability of polymorphic variation to be observed in non-coding DNA sequence would be higher as mutations in these sequences may not have any immediate effect/impact on an individual’s reproductive ability. |
4. | For evolution and speciation, polymorphisms play a very important role. |
(i) | isolation of DNA |
(ii) | separation of DNA fragments by electrophoresis |
(iii) | digestion of DNA by restriction endonucleases |
(iv) | hybridisation using labelled VNTR probe |
(v) | detection of hybridised DNA fragments by autoradiography |
(vi) | transferring (blotting) of separated DNA fragments to synthetic membranes, such as nitrocellulose or nylon |
1. | (i) – (ii) – (iii) – (vi) – (iv) – (v) |
2. | (i) – (iii) – (ii) – (vi) – (iv) – (v) |
3. | (ii) – (iii) – (i) – (vi) – (v) – (iv) |
4. | (iii) – (i) – (ii) – (v) – (iv) – (vi) |
Southern blotting is transfer to nitrocellulose sheet from agar gel of:
1. | RNA | 2. | Proteins |
3. | DNA | 4. | Lipids |
Transfer of electrophoresis-separated DNA fragments to a filter membrane and subsequent fragment detection by probe hybridization is called as:
1. | DNA profiling | 2. | PCR |
3. | Southern blotting | 4. | Elution |
The DNA profiles below represent four different individuals. Which of the following statements is consistent with the results?
1. B is the child of A and C.
2. C is the child of A and B.
3. D is the child of B and C.
4. A is the child of B and C.