Regardless of the specific technique used (GC, HPLC, TLC, etc.), what is the fundamental mechanism required for all chromatographic separations to occur?

1. Use of molecules that are soluble in water

2. Use of inert carrier gas

3. Calculation of R_f value for the molecule separated

4. Use of a mobile and a stationary phase

The number of σ and π bonds in the molecule $C_6{H}_6$ are -

The number of σ and π bonds in the molecule $C_6{H}_{12}$ are:

1. 7 = (${\sigma }_{C-C})$ , 11 =  $\left({\sigma }_{C-H}\right)$, and 0= π 

2. 6 = (${\sigma }_{C-C})$ , 12 =  $\left({\sigma }_{C-H}\right)$, and 0= π 

3. 12 = (${\sigma }_{C-C})$ , 6 =  $\left({\sigma }_{C-H}\right)$, and 1= π 

4. 5 = (${\sigma }_{C-C})$ , 13 =  $\left({\sigma }_{C-H}\right)$, and 1= π 

Which among the following is the correct IUPAC name ?

The correct IUPAC name of the following structure is

The  IUPAC name of the following molecule is -

$\stackrel{1}{C}{H}_2$ $=\stackrel{2}{C}=O$

The correct hybridization states of carbon atoms in the above compound are - 

The correct hybridization states of carbon atoms marked as 1,2,3 in the following compound are:
\({ }^1 \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{ }^2{C} \mathrm{H}={}^3{\mathrm{C}} \mathrm{H}_2 \)

$$

The correct hybridization  of carbon atoms are:    

1. C₁= sp , C₂= sp³ , C₂= sp²

2. C₁= sp² , C₂= sp³ , C₂= sp³

3. C₁= sp³ , C₂= sp² , C₂= sp³

4. C₁= sp³ , C₂= sp³ , C₂= sp³

The correct hybridization states of carbon atoms in the following compound are - $\stackrel{1}{\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\; \hspace{0.17em}\; C}}{H}_2=\stackrel{2}{C}H-\stackrel{3}{C}\equiv N$