| 1. | Seeds are absent. |
| 2. | Gymnosperms have flowers for reproduction. |
| 3. | Seeds are enclosed in fruits. |
| 4. | Seeds are naked. |
| List-I | List-II | ||
| A. | Microscopic angiosperm | I. | Salvinia |
| B. | Tallest gymnosperm | II. | Marchantia |
| C. | Thalloid bryophyte | III. | Sequoia |
| D. | Heterosporous pteridophyte | IV. | Wolffia |
| Assertion (A): | In gymnosperms, the pollen grains are released from the microsporangium and carried by air currents. |
| Reason (R): | Air currents carry the pollen grains to the mouth of the archegonia where the male gametes are discharged and pollen tube is not formed. |
| 1. | (A) is False, (R) is True. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 4. | (A) is True, (R) is False. |
| List-I | List-II | ||
| (a) | Spirogyra | (i) | Dominant diploid sporophyte vascular plant, with highly reduced male or female gametophyte |
| (b) | Fern | (ii) | Dominant haploid free-living gametophyte |
| (c) | Funaria | (iii) | Dominant diploid sporophyte alternating with reduced gametophyte called prothallus |
| (d) | Cycas | (iv) | Dominant haploid leafy gametophyte alternating with partially dependent multicellular sporophyte |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| 1. | (ii) | (iv) | (i) | (iii) |
| 2. | (iv) | (i) | (ii) | (iii) |
| 3. | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) | (i) |
| 4. | (iii) | (iv) | (i) | (ii) |
Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II | ||
| a. | Cedrus | (i) | Pteridophyte |
| b. | Adiantum | (ii) | Gymnosperm |
| c. | Sphagnum | (iii) | Liverwort |
| d. | Marchantia | (iv) | Moss |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| a | b | c | d | |
| 1. | (ii) | (iii) | (i) | (iv) |
| 2. | (iii) | (i) | (iv) | (ii) |
| 3. | (ii) | (i) | (iv) | (iii) |
| 4. | (iii) | (iv) | (ii) | (i) |
| List-I | List-II | ||
| (a) | Chlamydomonas | (i) | Moss |
| (b) | Cycas | (ii) | Pteridophyte |
| (c) | Selaginella | (iii) | Alga |
| (d) | Sphagnum | (iv) | Gymnosperm |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| 1. | (iii) | (i) | (ii) | (iv) |
| 2. | (iii) | (iv) | (ii) | (i) |
| 3. | (iii) | (ii) | (i) | (iv) |
| 4. | (ii) | (iii) | (i) | (iv) |
Which of the following statements is incorrect about gymnosperms?
1. They are heterosporous
2. Male and female gametophytes are free-living
3. Most of them have narrow leaves with thick cuticles
4. Their seeds are not covered
Pinus seeds cannot germinate and establish without fungal association. This is because:
1. its seeds contain inhibitors that prevent germination.
2. its embryo is immature.
3. it has an obligate association with mycorrhizae.
4. it has a very hard seed coat.