Consider the following four statements (i-iv) about certain desert animals such as
kangaroo rat.
(i) they have dark colour and high rate of reproduction and excrete solid urine.
(ii) they do not drink water, breathe at a slow rate to conserve water and have their
body
covered with thick hairs.
(iii) they feed on dry seeds and do not require drinking water
(iv) they excrete very concentrated urine and do not use water to regulate body
temperature.
Which two of the above statements for such animals are true?
1. iii and iv
2. ii and iii
3. iii and i
4. i and ii
Bacteria, fungi, lower plants survive in adverse conditions by:
(1) diapause
(2) suspended growth
(3) migration
(4) formation of thick-walled spores
The plants which can withstand with narrow and broad range of temperature tolerance respectively are:
1. monothermal and stenothermal
2. stenothermal and monothermal
3. stenothermal and eurythermal
4. stenothermal and mesothermal
Animals with a constant body temperature such as mammals and birds require more food than do animals with a changing body temperature such as reptiles and fish. Why?
(1) Much of the food is utilised to produce heat to keep warm
(2) Warm-blooded animals waste more food than cold-blooded animals
(3) Cold-blooded animals digest their food more efficiently than warm-blooded animals
(4) None of the above
I. Organisms living in oceans, lakes, and rivers face water-related problems.
II. Euryhaline can tolerate a wide range of salinities
III. Stenohaline are restricted to a narrow range of salinities
IV. No freshwater animals cannot live for long in seawater but sea animals can live in freshwater for a long time because of osmotic balance
V. The salt concentration (measured as salinity in parts per thousand), is less than 5 in inland water, 30-35 in the sea, and >100 in some hypersaline lagoons.
(1) All are correct
(2) All are false
(3) Only IV is wrong
(4) Only I, III, V are correct
Which of the following term implies the maintenance of relatively constant physical and chemical conditions with organisms?
(1) Homeostasis
(2) Adaptation
(3) Isometry
(4) Acclimation
Which of the following statement is false?
(1) Osmoconformors are able to maintain homeostasis by physiological means or sometimes behavioural means also which ensure constant body temperature, constant osmotic concentration etc
(2) All birds and mammals, and a very few lower vertebrates and invertebrates are capable of osmoregulation and thermoregulation
(3) Thermoregulation is the major reason of the success mammals
(4) Sweating and shivering are the means of thermoregulation by humans
I. Thermoregulation, osmoregulation and excretion are mechanisms that moderate change in the body.
II. 99% animals and almost all plants are conformers
III. Heat loss or heat gain is a function of surface area.
IV. Thermoregulation energetically least expensive process for many organisms like shrews and humming birds
V. 99% animals are thermoregulator
VI. Archaebacteria cannot tolerate high temperature
(1) I and II are wrong
(2) IV, V and VI are wrong
(3) None is wrong
(4) All are wrong
Why small animals are not found in polar area mostly?
(1) Because they have a smaller surface area relative to their volume
(2) Because they have a larger volume relative to their surface area
(3) Because they have a smaller metabolic rate
(4) Because they have a larger surface area relative to their volume
Find out false one:
(1) Mammals from colder climate generally have shorter ears and limbs to minimise heat loss
(2) All organisms have behavioural adaptations that allow them to respond quickly to a stressful situation
(3) Some organisms possess adaptations that are physiological which allow them to respond quickly to a stressful situation
(4) A large variety of invertebrates and fish live at great depths in the ocean where the pressure could be > 100 times than the normal atmospheric pressure