Statement A: | Similarities in proteins and genes among diverse organisms indicates common ancestry. |
Statement B: | Humans and chimpanzees also show biochemical similarities. |
Column-I | Column II | ||
a. | Lobe-finned fishes | (i) | Amniotes and lay thick-shelled eggs |
b. | Tyrannosaurus rex | (ii) | Evolved into the first amphibians |
c. | Dinosaurs | (iii) | Disappeared about 65 mya |
d. | Reptiles | (iv) | Carnivorous, 20 feet in height |
Assertion (A): | In terms of determination, evolution is a directed process |
Reason (R): | Nature selects those variants which are able to reproduce better and leave more progeny in the changed environmental conditions |
1. | (A) is true but (R) is false |
2. | (A) is false but (R) is true |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
a: | Gene flow occurs through migration of individuals |
b: | Does not affect allele frequencies in the original population |
c: | Gene flow changes allele frequencies in the new population |
Column-I | Column-II | ||
a. | Lamarck | (i) | Origin of life preceded by chemical evolution |
b. | Darwin | (ii) | Reproductive fitness |
c. | Haldane | (iii) | Inheritance of acquired characters |
d. | Malthus | (iv) | Populations are stable in size except for the seasonal fluctuations |
Column-I | Column-II | ||
a. | Stegosaurus | (i) | Extinct flying reptiles |
b. | Brachiosaurus | (ii) | Herbivorous dinosaur with plates along its back |
c. | Tyrannosaurus | (iii) | Herbivorous dinosaur with long neck, long tail, small head relative to body |
d. | Pteranodon | (iv) | Carnivorous dinosaur, about 20 feet in height |
Column I | Column II | ||
a. | Vertebrate hearts | (i) | Vestigial organs |
b. | Eyes of the Octopus and of mammals | (ii) | Homologous organs |
c. | Auricular muscles and 3rd molar teeth | (iii) | Analogous organs |
Column I | Column II | ||
(a) | Oparin and Haldane | (i) | Chemical evolution theory |
(b) | Darwin | (ii) | Cosmozoic theory |
(c) | Early Greek thinkers | (iii) | 'Origin of species' book |
(iv) | Spontaneous generation theory |