For the purpose of ecological studies, the term population is applicable to individuals reproducing:
| 1. | Asexually | 2. | Sexually | 
| 3. | Both 1 and 2 | 4. | Neither 1 nor 2 | 
Unlike a population, an individual has:
| 1. | Birth and death | 2. | Birth rate | 
| 3. | Death rate | 4. | Sex ratio | 
| Assertion (A): | Population ecology links ecology to population genetics and evolution. | 
| Reason (R): | It is at the population level that natural selection operates to evolve the desired traits. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. | 
In a pond, there were 20 lotus plants last year. If through reproduction 4 new lotus plants are added, the number of offspring per lotus per year would be:
| 1. | 0.2 | 2. | 0.4 | 
| 3. | 2.0 | 4. | 4.0 | 
| I. | The ecological role of the banyan tree in this community is negligible when compared to that of carrot grass. | 
| II. | In this community, the percent cover or biomass is a more meaningful measure of the population size. | 
| Assertion (A): | The number of fish caught per trap is not a good measure of its total population density in the lake. | 
| Reason (R): | For ecological investigations, it is obligatory to count every individual in a population to estimate population density. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are False. | 
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A). | 
| 4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |