Identify the molecules (a) and (b) shown below and select the right option giving their source and use.
(I) | |
(II) |
Molecule |
Source |
Use |
|
1. |
(II) Heroin |
Cannabis sativa |
Depressant and slows down body functions |
2. |
(II) Cannabinoid |
Atropa belladonna |
Produces hallucination |
3. |
(I) Morphine |
Papaver somniferum |
Sedative and painkiller |
4. |
(I) Cocaine |
Erythroxylum coca |
Accelerates the transport of dopamine |
Read the following four statements (I-IV):
I. | Colostrum is recommended for the newborn because it is rich in antigen |
II. | Chikungunya is caused by a Gram-negative bacterium |
III. | Tissue culture has proved useful in obtaining virus-free plants |
IV. | Beer is manufactured by distillation of fermented grape juice |
How many of the above statements are wrong?
1. Three
2. Four
3. One
4. Two
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to immunity?
1. | The antibodies against smallpox pathogens are produced by T-lymphocytes |
2. | Antibodies are protein molecules each of which has four light chains |
3. | Rejection of a kidney graft is the function of B-lymphocytes |
4. | Preformed antibodies need to be injected to treat the bite by a viper snake |
A person suffering from a disease caused by Plasmodium, experiences recurring chill and fever at the time when:
1. | the trophozoites reach maximum growth and give out certain toxins. |
2. | the parasite after its rapid multiplication inside RBCs ruptures them, releasing the stage to enter fresh RBCs. |
3. | the microgametocytes and megagametocytes are being destroyed by the WBCs. |
4. | the sporozoites released from RBCs are being rapidly killed and broken down inside the spleen. |
Which one of the following techniques is safest for the detection of cancers:
1. Radiography (X-ray)
2. Computed tomography (CT)
3. Histopathological studies
4. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Which one of the following options gives the correct matching of a disease with its causative
organism and mode of infection:
Disease |
Causative Organisms |
Mode of Infection |
|
1. |
Malaria |
Plasmodium vivax |
Bite of male Anopheles mosquito |
2. |
Typhoid |
Salmonella typhi |
With inspired air |
3. |
Pneumonia |
Streptococcus pneumonia |
Droplet infection |
4. |
Elephantiasis |
Wuchereria bancrofti |
With infected water and food |
The pathogen Microsporum responsible for ringworm disease in humans belongs to the same Kingdom of organisms at that of:
1. Ascaris, a roundworm
2. Taenia, a tapeworm
3. Wuchereria, a filarial worm
4. Rhizopus, a mould
Select the correct statement with respect to disease and immunisation:
1. | Injection of snake antivenom against snake bite is an example of active immunisation. |
2. | If due to some reason, B-and T-lymphocytes are damaged, the body will not produce antibodies against a pathogen. |
3. | Injection of dead/inactivated pathogens causes passive immunity. |
4. | Certain protozoans have been used to mass produce hepatitis B vaccine. |
Match the following columns and select the correct option:
Column I | Column II | ||
(i) | Typhoid | (a) | Haemophilus influenzae |
(ii) | Malaria | (b) | Wuchereria bancrofti |
(iii) | Pneumonia | (c) | Plasmodium vivax |
(iv) | Filariasis | (d) | Salmonella typhi |
Options: | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
1. | (d) | (c) | (a) | (b) |
2. | (c) | (d) | (b) | (a) |
3. | (a) | (c) | (b) | (d) |
4. | (a) | (b) | (d) | (c) |
In the RT-PCR test used for diagnosing Covid-19, a higher cycle threshold [Ct] value indicates:
1. a higher viral load in the sample
2. a lower viral load in the sample
3. time after which vaccine needs to be given
4. the effectiveness of the antiviral medicines