Immune tolerance in pregnancy or maternal immune tolerance is the immune tolerance shown towards the fetus and placenta during pregnancy. Placenta plays an important role in this tolerance. All the following are functions of the placenta in this regard except:
1. There is presence of small lymphocytic suppressor cells in the fetus that inhibit maternal cytotoxic T cells
2. The placental trophoblast cells do not express the classical MHC class I isotypes
3. It secretes Neurokinin B containing phosphocholine molecules.
4. It does not allow any antibodies to cross over to the fetal side.
The type of plague, primarily transmitted by the bite of rat flea, and characterized by infected, enlarged, and painful lymph nodes is called as:
1. Pneumonic plague
2. Bubonic plague
3. Septicemic plague
4. Any of the above three
World wide people infected with Ascaris lumbricoides are estimated to be about:
1. 1 million
2. 10 million
3. 20 million
4. 1 billion
Wernicke’s Encephalopathy is a severe complication of chronic alcoholism. This is caused due to deficiency of:
1. Thiamine
2. Cyanocobalamin
3. Serotonin
4. Dopamine
Identify the incorrect statement regarding dengue:
1. Dengue fever virus (DENV) is an RNA arbo virus.
2. Dengue can also be transmitted via infected blood products and through organ donation.
3. The virus has five types; infection with one type usually gives lifelong immunity to all types.
4. The disease is also known by the common name ‘break bone fever’.
The following are the common highly Active Anti Reteroviral Therapy (HAART) drugs available for HIV infection treatment. Identify the one that is not correctly matched with its symbol:
1. Zidovudine : AZT
2. Didanosine : DDS
3. Zalcibactine : ddC
4. Stavudine : d4T
Consider the given two statements:
I. Post exposure vaccinations with antibodies in rabies are typically highly effective.
II. Vaccination after exposure is neither a treatment nor a cure for rabies; it can only prevent the development of rabies in a person if given before the virus reaches the brain.
1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I
2. Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I
3. I is correct and II is incorrect
4. Both I and II are incorrect
V[D]J recombination explains:
1. the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non self
2. cooperativity between innate and adaptive immune responses
3. the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity
4. hyperresponse of the immune system to allergens
Identify the correct statements regarding MHC I seen on the cells of vertebrate bodies:
I. They are found on the cell surface of all nucleated cells in the bodies of vertebrates, on platelets, but not on red blood cells.
II. The function of the class I MHC is to display intracellular proteins to cytotoxic T cells (CTLs).
III. Class I MHC itself can serve as an inhibitory ligand for natural killer cells (NKs).
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
A drug, sometimes used to overcome the problem of alcoholism, is:
1. Flumazenil
2. Disulfiram
3. Desferroxime
4. Aspirin