Allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of all the following evolutionary influences, except:
| 1. | Random mating | 2. | Mutations |
| 3. | Natural selection | 4. | Gene flow |
The loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population is called as:
| 1. | the bottleneck effect | 2. | the founder effect |
| 3. | assortative mating | 4. | random mating |
For differential success in reproduction, all the following must be present except:
| 1. | Gene flow between populations. |
| 2. | Variations must be genetically inherited. |
| 3. | Certain variations allow an individual to produce more offspring that survive in the next generation. |
| 4. | There must be variations in the phenotypes of individuals. |