The three basic life history traits do no not include:
1. Age-sex structure of the population
2. Age when reproduction begins
3. How often reproduction occurs
4. Number of offspring per reproductive episode

Which of the following would be an example of a population that can show the potential for rapid speciation?
1. small in number but highly variable gene pool
2. large in number with large variations in the gene pool
3.sexual dimorphism amongst members
4.isolated inbred population

An allele that reduces the fitness of organisms is found to decrease very rapidly in a population. Most likely this allele is:
1. recently mutated
2. rare
3. dominant
4. recessive

The most likely reason for the development of resistance against pesticides in insects damaging a crop is   
1. Genetic recombination
2. directed mutations
3. Acquired heritable changes.
4. Random mutations 

Random genetic drift in a population probably results from  
1. highly genetically variable individuals. 
2. inbreeding within this population
3. constant low mutation rate
4. large population size 

U²³⁸, the radioactive isotope of uranium, is very useful in absolute dating of rocks. It’s half life is about:
1. 4500 years
2. 4.5 million years
3. 45 million years
4. 4.6 billion years

If a random mating population is in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in gene frequency in a non-directional manner? 
1. Mutations
2. Random drift
3. Selection
4. Migration 

Species formation without branching of the evolutionary line of descent is called as:
1. anagenesis, or phyletic evolution
2. cladogenesis, or divergent evolution
3. convergent evolution
4. allopatry

In the famous experiment by Louis Pasteur, the straight and long-necked flasks served :
1. as the experimental setup
2. as a control
3. as a cohort
4. no useful purpose