| 1. | Darwin | 2. | Boysen Jenson |
| 3. | Paal | 4. | Went |
| 1. | When the apical bud is removed, the lowered IAA concentration allows the lateral buds to grow and produce new shoots, which compete to become the lead growth. |
| 2. | When the apical bud is removed, the increased IAA concentration allows the lateral buds to grow and produce new shoots, which compete to become the lead growth. |
| 3. | When the apical bud is removed, the lowered IAA concentration stops the growth of lateral buds and production of new shoots. |
| 4. | When the apical bud is removed, the increased IAA concentration stops the growth of lateral buds and production of new shoots. |
To promote stem elongation, gibberellins act in concert with:
| 1. | Auxins | 2. | Cytokinins |
| 3. | Ethylene | 4. | ABA |

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| I: | Auxin stimulates cell elongation by stimulating wall-loosening factors, such as expansins, to loosen cell walls. |
| II: | When auxin and cytokinin are applied to callus, rooting can be generated with higher auxin to cytokinin ratios, shoot growth is induced by lower auxin to cytokinin ratios. |
| III: | Auxin induces the formation and organization of phloem and xylem. |
| IV: | In low concentrations, auxin can inhibit ethylene formation and transport of precursor in plants; however, high concentrations can induce the synthesis of ethylene. |