1. | 30 ATP molecules | 2. | 36 ATP molecules |
3. | 38 ATP molecules | 4. | 40 ATP molecules |
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Fermentation | Aerobic respiration | |
I: | Partial breakdown of glucose | Complete breakdown of glucose |
II: | Net gain of only two molecules of ATP beginning with one molecule of glucose | Net gain of many more molecules of ATP beginning with one molecule of glucose |
III: | NADH is oxidised to NAD+ slowly | NADH is oxidised to NAD+ vigorously |
1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I and III |
3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
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Statement I: | The respiratory pathway is better regarded as an amphibolic pathway rather than only a catabolic pathway. |
Statement II: | The respiratory pathway is involved in both anabolism and catabolism. |
1. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I |
2. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I |
3. | Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect |
4. | Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct |
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I: | If fatty acids were to be respired, they would enter the respiratory pathway as acetyl CoA. |
II: | Glycerol enters the respiratory pathway after being converted to PGAL. |
III: | Amino acids enter the respiratory pathway at some stage within the Krebs cycle but never as pyruvate or acetyl CoA. |
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1. | 0.7 | 2. | 0.9 |
3. | 1.0 | 4. | 4.0 |
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1. | 0.7 | 2. | 0.9 |
3. | 1.0 | 4. | 4.0 |
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I: | It shows hydrolysis of sucrose, a disaccharide, into two monosaccharides, a glucose and a fructose molecule. |
II: | The enzyme that is capable of catalysing this reaction is invertase. |
1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
I: | Yeasts perform this metabolic conversion when growing in the absence of oxygen. |
II: | The metabolic conversion of pyruvate into acetaldeyhde is catalysed by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase. |
III: | The metabolic conversion of acetaldehyde into ethanol is catalysed by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. |
1. | I and II | 2. | I and III |
3. | II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
I: | Oxidative decarboxylation steps are Step 4 and Step 5. |
II: | The reducing power 'NADH' is generated at Step 4, Step 5 and Step 9. |
III: | FADH2 is generated at Step 7. |
1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I and III |
3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
1. | (1) is NADH; 4 is FAD; 6 is fumarate; 8 is oxygen and 10 is ATP |
2. | (2) is NAD+ ; 4 is FADH2; 6 is succinate; 8 is oxygen and 10 is ADP |
3. | (1) is NADH; 4 is Fumarate; 6 is FAD; 8 is water and 10 is ATP |
4. | (2) is NAD+; 3 is succinate; 6 is FAD; 8 is oxygen and 10 is ADP |