In a chloroplast the highest number of protons are found in

1. lumen of thylakoids

2. inter membrane space

3. antenna complex

4. Stroma

The thylakoid membrane bears several ${\mathrm{F}}_0-{\mathrm{F}}_1$ particle ATPase/ATP synthase. Which of the following is incorrect for these particles?

1. Once of its part $\left({\mathrm{F}}_0\right)$ is embedded in the membrane and forms a transmembrane channel that carries out facilitated diffusion of protons across the membrane

2. Its other part $\left({\mathrm{F}}_1\right)$ protrudes out facing towards the stroma

3. The catalytic sites for ATP formation are located in ${\mathrm{F}}_1$ part

4. ${\mathrm{F}}_1$ is intrinsic protein

Select the incorrect statement.

1. Carotenoids protect the plant from excessive heat and prevent photo-oxidation of chlorophyll pigments

2. All pigments other than chlorophyll a are called accessory pigments

3. The electrons removed from PS II are never replaced

4. Cyclic photophosphorylation occurs mostly in stroma lamellae membrane

Which is not true regarding cyclic electron transfer system (ETS) in thylakoid membrane of higher plants?

1. Operates at low light intensity

2. Only PS I is involved

3. Acts as a back up for ATP synthesis

4. External electron donor is required

The first step for initiation of photosynthesis will be:

PGA as the first CO₂ fixation was discovered in the photosynthesis of 

(1) bryophyte

(2) gymnosperm

(3) angiosperm

(4) algae

The following processes occur during photosynthesis

(i) Reduction of carbon dioxide

(ii) The splitting of water

(iii) The synthesis of glucose

(iv) Release of oxygen

(v) Formation of ATP

Which one of the following combinations is correct for the light phase ?

1. i, ii and iii

2. iii, iv and v

3. i, iii and iv

4. ii, iv and v