Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Two charges, \(q_1=2~\mu\text C\) and \(q_2 = -2~\mu\text C,\) are placed at points A and B respectively, which are \(6~\text{cm}\) apart. Which of the following describes an equipotential surface of this system and the direction of the electric field at every point on that surface?

1.	A plane perpendicular to the line AB and passing through the midpoint of AB; Electric field is parallel to this plane.
2.	A sphere centered at the midpoint of AB; Electric field is tangent to this sphere at every point.
3.	A plane perpendicular to the line AB and passing through the midpoint of AB; Electric field is perpendicular to this plane.
4.	A sphere centered at either charge A or B; Electric field is radial with respect to the center of the sphere.

(a) The situation is represented in the given figure

An equipotential surface is a plane on which total potential is zero everywhere. This plane is normal to line AB. The plane is located at the mid-point of line AB because the magnitude of charges is the same.

(b) The direction of the electric field at every point on this surface is normal to the plane in the direction of AB.

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