The ${\mathrm{C}}_3$ and ${\mathrm{C}}_4$ photosynthesis pathways are so called because the initial carbon fixation product in them are respectively:

1.	pyruvate; malate
2.	malate; pyruvate
3.	3-phosphoglycerate; oxaloacetic acid
4.	glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; phospho-enol-pyruvate (PEP)

The extra ATP required [as compared to NADPH] in Calvin cycle comes from:

In the given simplified diagram of the Calvin Cycle,
ATP is utilized at points:

1. A and B only
2. A and C only
3. B and C only
4. A, B and C

Light dependent reactions are so called because they require light:

The chronological order of organelles involved in the photorespiration cycle is:

The space of thylakoid is separated from the stroma by a membrane. If the membrane capability to maintain an environment in the thylakoid space distinct from stroma is compromised, the process most directly affected would be:
1. the splitting of water
2. the absorption of photons by chlorophyll
3. the reduction of ${\mathrm{NADP}}^{+}$
4. the synthesis of ATP

In the diagram showing relation between Calvin cycle and Photorespiration the molecule labeled X can be:

1. Oxygen
2. Ammonia
3. Nitric oxide
4. Hydrogen sulfide

Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts is possible because of:

Given below is the schematic diagram of photorespiration pathway. The molecules labeled as A and B are respectively:

1. Serine and Glycine
2. Glycine and Serine
3. Glycine and Alanine
4. Alanine and Glycine

The pH of the space of thylakoid of isolated chloroplast is decreased and then transferred in the dark to a pH-8 solution. The result would most likely be:
I. The isolated chloroplasts will make ATP.
II. The Calvin cycle will be activated.
III. Cyclic photophosphorylation will occur.
1. Only I
2. Only I and II
3. Only I and III
4. Only II and III